📚 English Grammar:Noun in Apposition 📚
‘Apposition’ শব্দটি ল্যাটিন শব্দগুচ্ছ ‘ad’ এবং ‘positio’ থেকে উদ্ভূত হয়েছে যার অর্থ “near” and “placement.” অর্থাৎ "কাছে বা পাশাপাশি" এবং "অবস্থান"।
যখন আমরা একটি Clause-এ একই ব্যক্তি বা জিনিসকে বোঝাতে দুটি Nouns বা Noun Phrases একসাথে পাশাপাশি ব্যবহার করি, তখন দ্বিতীয়টিকে প্রথমটির Apposition বা Noun in Apposition বলা হয়।
Examples:
1. A great Indian Scientist, Abdul Kalam, contributed much to Space Research.
2. Lata Mangeshkar was awarded India’s highest award in cinema, the Dadasaheb Phalke Award.
Types of Appositives:
There are two types of appositives. They are called essential and nonessential appositives.
Nonessential:
Nonessential appositives are also called nonrestrictive. Most of the appositives in English are of this type. Even without these nouns or noun phrases (nonessential appositives), the sentences would be clear in meaning. These nonessential appositives are generally separated by commas in a sentence.
Examples:
- My brother, Mr. Rajiv, is going to establish a pharma company.
- Our school principal, Mr. Raghunath, has received many awards.
Essential:
Essential appositives are also called restrictive appositives. As the name itself suggests, this type of noun or noun phrase is essential for a sentence to give us a clear meaning. Here we would not use any commas to separate this part.
Examples:
- The film The Titanic received many Oscar Awards.
- The character Sherlock Holmes has been created by Arthur Conan Doyle.
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